Children in Utrecht and beyond have specific rights enshrined in the International Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). These rights must be respected by parents, organisations, and government authorities.
The International Convention on the Rights of the Child
This convention, adopted by the UN in 1989 and ratified by the Netherlands in 1995, guarantees fundamental rights to children under the age of 18.
Essential Children's Rights
| Right | Description |
|---|---|
| Equal treatment | Children may not be discriminated against on the basis of background |
| Best interests of the child | The child's welfare is central to decisions |
| Right to life and development | Children have the right to healthy development |
| Right to participation | Children may express their opinion |
| Contact with both parents | Right to a relationship with both parents |
| Protection against abuse | Safety against violence and neglect |
| Right to education | Access to quality education |
| Right to leisure | Opportunity to play and relax |
Right to be Heard
In Utrecht and throughout the Netherlands, children have the right to have their voice heard in matters concerning them:
- From age 12: invitation for a conversation with the judge
- Under 12: the judge may decide to hear the child
- Sending a letter to the judge is possible
- Children may share their own viewpoint
Children's Rights in Dutch Law
In the Netherlands, including Utrecht, children's rights are enshrined in various laws:
- Civil Code (regulates parental authority and contact arrangements)
- Youth Act (access to youth care)
- Compulsory Education Act (mandatory education)
- Child Protection Act
The Children's Ombudsman in Utrecht
The Children's Ombudsman monitors compliance with children's rights in the Netherlands. Residents of Utrecht can turn to them with complaints about violations of these rights.
Can a child initiate a legal procedure themselves?
Children from age 12 may submit a request themselves in certain family law cases, such as regarding contact arrangements. In other cases, a legal representative is required.Does a child have a say in the place of residence after divorce?
A child can express a preference, which is taken into account. However, the judge decides based on the best interests of the child, where the child's opinion is important but not always decisive.What to do in case of violation of children's rights?
Discuss this with a trusted person, the Children's Helpline (0800-0432) or the Children's Ombudsman. In serious situations, you can contact Safe Home or the police in Utrecht.Frequently Asked Questions about Children's Rights
What if my child is not heard in a court case?
Children from age 12 have the right to a conversation with the judge. For younger children, the judge decides whether this is necessary. You can submit a request or enclose a letter from your child. Contact the Children's Ombudsman or a lawyer if this right is not respected.
Can my child choose which parent to live with?
Your child may express a preference, but the judge in Utrecht decides based on the best interests of the child. From age 12, the opinion carries more weight, but is not always decisive.
What to do about discrimination at school in Utrecht?
Discrimination is not permitted under the CRC. Discuss this with the school. If this does not help, you can file a complaint with the Netherlands Institute for Human Rights or the Children's Ombudsman. Document everything for evidence.
How can my child have a say in youth care?
Your child has the right to be involved in decisions. This can be through a conversation with a care provider or a letter to the judge. From age 12, a child can submit a request themselves. The Children's Ombudsman provides support.
What happens if a contact arrangement is not complied with?
The judge can enforce compliance through penalty payments or adjustment of the arrangement. In extreme cases, parental authority may change. A mediator or lawyer in Utrecht can help.
Local Information:
- District Court of Midden-Nederland: Vrouwe Justitiaplein 1, Utrecht
- Juridisch Loket Utrecht: Catharijnesingel 55, Utrecht